Down-slope cascading modulated by day/night variations of solar heating

Submitted: 12 September 2012
Accepted: 17 January 2013
Published: 17 April 2013
Abstract Views: 2664
PDF: 539
HTML: 405
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

Sloping sides of natural basins favour the formation of cross-shore temperature gradients (differential coastal heating/cooling), which cause significant littoral-pelagial water exchange. Autumnal denser water cascading along a sloping lake boundary, modulated by day/night variations of solar heating is considered numerically, in order to reveal the development of the cascading process in time, spatial structure of the exchange flows, and diurnal variations of volumetric flow-rate of littoral-pelagial exchange flow, as well as to compare its daily maxima at different depths/cross-sections, with known quasi-steady state predictions under constant buoyancy flux. The development of exchange flows progress through two phases: i) appearance and adjustment to day/night buoyancy flux variations; and ii) quasi-steady exchange, when variations of the flow rate in every next diurnal cycle are more or less the same as the previous day. The duration of the first phase depends on local depth (~1 day for depths of about 10 m, ~2 days for depths 15-25 m, and ~5 days down to 30 m for the considered initial linear vertical temperature stratification). Maximum horizontal exchange takes place in the cross-section where the thermocline meets the slope, and the cold down-slope currents detach from the bottom. The location of this cross-section advances off-shore with time, in accordance with the deepening of the upper mixed layer. The existence of a specific coastal circulation cell, with different water dynamics from those above the main part of the slope, is a characteristic feature of horizontal convective exchange. The mean value of the specific volumetric flow rate of the convective exchange, driven by day/night oscillations in its fully developed quasi-steady phase increases almost linearly with local depth, and is about twice as large as the quasi-steady exchange values, predicted by formula Q=0.0013·d1.37 (Q is measured in m2 s-1, and local depth above the slope d in m), suggesting that the thermal siphon, energized by oscillating day/night buoyancy fluxes, flushes coastal regions twice as efficiently as the cascading, developing under (more or less) uniform external conditions in field observations and laboratory experiments, which lie behind the given formula. Flushing time in the considered case has an order of 10-60 hours for a littoral zone of 6-30 m depth. Application of convective phase diagrams (e.g., Q vs ΔT) is suggested as a convenient way to describe the day/night convective exchange, allowing for visualization of the flow development process, its coherency and the time lag of the development at different depths.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Supporting Agencies

Russian Foundation for Basic Research - The work is supported by RFBR, grants N. 13-05 01041a and 12-05-90820-mol_rf_nr.
Henning Baudler, Universität Rostock
Biologishe Station Zingst, Institut für Biowissenschaften, Angewandte Ökologie

How to Cite

Chubarenko, Irina P., Elena Esiukova, Natalia Stepanova, Boris Chubarenko, and Henning Baudler. 2013. “Down-Slope Cascading Modulated by day/Night Variations of Solar Heating”. Journal of Limnology 72 (2):e19. https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2013.e19.

List of Cited By :

Crossref logo